Brachial Plexus Palsy
Treatment for Brachial Plexus Palsy
Treatment for brachial plexus palsy that does not spontaneously recover
can be exercise and therapy and surgery may be needed. In 80% of the
babies born with brachial plexus palsy recovery will occur without a
surgical intervention. Often times, though, a child with brachial plexus
palsy can benefit from surgical procedures in how their arm functions.
Surgery is found to be the most effective in brachial plexus palsy children
that are between the ages of 5 and 12 months, and the surgery will not
be as effective in a child over the age of one.
Whether or not surgery is performed is dependent on the individual child
with brachial plexus palsy. If surgery is performed the nerve surgery
is performed by a pediatric neurosurgeon. The brachial plexus palsy surgical
procedure requires a special anesthesia, an operating microscope, monitoring
equipment, and specialists to be able to expose and identify each of
the nerves of the brachial plexus and surrounding structures. Most children
with brachial plexus palsy injury have damage to multiple nerves so more
than one procedure must be performed.
Recovery time for brachial plexus palsy surgery is faster in younger
children. Injuries that involve nerves below the elbow have a lower rate
of improvement because of the location of the nerves and the distance
that they need to regenerate. The surgical procedure that is performed
in children that are unlikely to have functional recovery can be greatly
increased with brachial plexus surgery disability wise, life option wise,
and medical expense wise.
Brachial plexus palsy may also be helped by performing daily exercises
to keep the muscles and joints limber and moving normal, as well as to
prevent the joints from freezing in place. A therapist will normally
work with the child. The brachial plexus palsy exercises are for range
of motion. If the child with brachial plexus palsy cant use the
muscles in the arm and hand they will stay weak and may not grow normal
and experience tightness in the muscles and joints.
A midwife first described brachial plexus injuries in 1779 by the paralysis
of the arms muscles due to injury of its nerves in the neck. Described
was a series of infants with injury to the upper part of their plexus
telling of the characteristic posture of the hand, first called the policemans
tip and then the porters tip. These terms were referring to the
arm extended at the side and internally rotated at the shoulder so that
the palm projects outward and flexion at the wrist.
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